Dr. Erica Marat is a Professor at the College of Security Affairs of the National Defence University. Her research focuses on violence, mobilisation and security institutions in Europe, Central Asia, India, and Mexico. She is the author of several books, including Transformative Violence: When Routine Cruelty Sparks Historic Mobilization (forthcoming, OUP 2024) and The Politics of Police Reform: Society against the State in Post-Soviet Countries (OUP 2018). Her articles appeared in Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, Just Security, and Open Democracy.